CsB_3O_5晶体潮解机理及防潮研究

三硼酸铯(CsB3O5)晶体在Nd:YAG 1064 nm激光三倍频转换方面具有优良的性能,限制该晶体器件实用化的一个重要因素是其在空气中较易潮解.本文用化学侵蚀法研究了CsB3O5晶体的潮解取向,并从晶体结构上给予了解释:由于CsB3O5晶体的B-O骨架在(010)方向存在较大的通道,水分子较易沿(010)方向进入晶体而导致晶体潮解.采用了用光学增透膜结合疏水保护膜的方法防止CsB3O5晶体潮解的技术手段,使CBO晶体器件能够在常规环境中保存及使用.     

产需不确定下面向资金约束供应商的供应链融资策略研究

以包含一个供应商和一个分销商的供应链为研究对象,其中分销商面临市场需求不确定性,供应商存在资金约束且面临产出不确定性。 提出期望利率的概念,研究银行贷款期望利率一定的情况下,供应链银行融资最优策略。 构建了供应链预付款融资机制,在此基础上研究预付款模式下供应链的融资与生产订购的最优策略,并讨论了预付款期望利率的可行范围。 研究表明,预付款融资模式下,分销商愿意以低于银行贷款利率的期望利率向供应商提供预付款; 存在预付款期望利率可行区间,实现预付款协调模式下供应链系统的帕累托改进。     

不良贷款约束下我国上市商业银行全要素生产率时序演变及其驱动因素研究——基于非期望产出的Malmquist-luenberger和Tobit模型

基于我国上市商业银行2007~2013年面板数据,构建包括不良贷款约束条件下我国上市商业银行投入产出指标体系,采用基于非期望产出的M-L生产率指数方法对我国上市商业银行全要素生产率跨期动态变化进行实证测度,并应用Tobit回归分析方法对影响我国上市商业银行全要素生产率的因素进行实证分析,实证结果显示:我国上市商业银行全要素生产率平均增长率为2.4%,上市城市商业银行全要素生产率高于股份制上市商业银行,而股份制商业银行高于国有商业银行,其主要来源与规模效率提升;此外,银行规模和存贷比对商业银行技术效率提升产生显著的正向驱动影响;而银行集中度对其产生显著的负向驱动影响;资产收益率和所有权结构对其影响不显著。     

Study on the surface erosion route to the fabrication of TiO2 hollow spheres

Three-dimensional (3D) architecture of TiO₂ hollow sphere has many excellent and interesting performances that attract significant attention nowadays. In this paper, a simple surface erosion approach to the fabrication of TiO₂ hollow spheres via the hydrothermal process has been developed. The morphologies and the phase were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results indicate that the anatase-type TiO₂ hollow spheres with a diameter of ∼1 μm are successfully synthesized. The shell thickness of TiO₂ hollow spheres is ∼150 nm and the size of hollow cavity is ∼600 nm. By the control experiments, the influence of ammonium fluoride and hydrogen peroxide on the hollow spherical structures was studied. Hydrogen peroxide acts as both the oxidant and the bubble generator, ammonium fluoride is crucial for the erosion and dissolution of titanium, the detailed dissolution-crystallization mechanism for the formation of TiO₂ hollow spheres was also proposed.     

Atomic O and H exposure of C-covered and oxidized d-metal surfaces

Carbon coverage, oxidation and reduction of Au, Pt, Pd, Rh, Cu, Ru, Ni and Co layers of 1.5 nm thickness on Mo have been characterized with ARPES and desorption spectroscopy upon exposure to thermal H and O radicals. We observe that only part of the carbon species is chemically eroded by atomic H exposure, yielding hydrocarbon desorption. Exposure to atomic O yields complete carbon erosion and CO₂ and H₂O desorption. A dramatic increase in metallic and non-metallic oxide is observed for especially Ni and Co surfaces, while for Au and Cu, the sub-surface Mo layer is much more oxidized. Although volatile oxides exist for some of the d-metals, there is no indication of d-metal erosion. Subsequent atomic H exposure reduces the clean oxides to a metallic state under desorption of H₂O. Due to its adequacy, we propose the atomic oxygen and subsequent atomic hydrogen sequence as a candidate for contamination removal in practical applications like photolithography at 13.5 nm radiation.     

Sand Erosion in Axial Flow Conditions

A mathematical model of sand erosion in axial flow conditions is presented. The basic mass balance equations and sand erosion constitutive equation were given in Vardoulakis et al. (1996). As opposed to reference Vardoulakis et al. (1996), we consider here the extreme case where convection is null and hydrodynamic dispersion dominates. In addition, Brinkman's extension of Darcy's law is adopted to account for a smooth transition between channel flow and Darcian flow. The set of governing PDE's is presented in dimensionless form and is solved numerically. In concordance with the basic constitutive equation for erosion kinetics, the analysis shows that erosion progresses in time as a front of high transport concentration. This result is justified by the highly non-linear character of the erosion source term which dominates in the diffusion-like governing equation.     

Dual-jet plasmatron for medical applications

We present a design for a dual-jet arc plasmatron operating at a frequency of 66 kHz in an argon flow at atmospheric pressure. We present the results of determination of the temperature, electron concentration, and electrode erosion obtained by atomic emission spectral analysis. The proposed convenient design for a dualjet plasmatron and the low erosion of the copper electrodes in the plasma make it possible to use it for medical purposes. Report given at the Fifth International Conference on Plasma Physics and Plasma Technologies (PPPT-5), 18–22 September 2006, Minsk, Belarus. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 139–140, January–February, 2007.     

10－6—10－4m2/s黏度液体中靶受力学作用的测试与分析

通过自行研制的光纤传感器对不同黏度液体中材料靶后的力学作用进行研究，获得了液体黏度变化对等离子体烧蚀力、射流冲击力及空泡生存周期的影响. 实验结果表明：液体黏度相同时，靶材所受冲击力幅值随作用激光能量的增加单调上升；液体黏度增加时，靶材所受的冲击力减小，靶材的空化空蚀程度亦减小；受液体黏度增大的影响，空泡膨胀或收缩过程减缓，相应的生存周期也增大. 此外，对空泡溃灭周期公式进行修正, 结果表明修正后的理论估算值与实验值的一致性较好.     

一种用于强激光系统的高比能脉冲电容器

 为了满足“神光-Ⅲ”原型装置能源系统的需要，桂林金属膜电容器厂研制成功一种高比能脉冲电容器，其尺寸为295 mm×138 mm×730(830) mm，额定电压25 kV，额定电容及偏差为55 μF，0~5 %，损耗角正切值(2.5 kV，50 Hz)小于 0.1%，比能达0.56 J/cm³ 。对该型电容器进行性能测试，所得电容偏差都在2%~5%范围，损失角正切值小于0.05%；极间耐压试验全部通过，极-地耐压试验全部通过。寿命试验中，放电电流5 kA，1×10⁴次充放电后，电容量下降1.8%。该型电容器目前已投入运行，工作情况良好。     

Erosion of efficiency in non-uniform linear chromatography

In linear chromatography (i.e. chromatography performed in the absence of sample overloading), when the plate height of a column is roughly uniform along its length, variations in the velocities of solutes are the only possible causes of erosion of efficiency. The sources of these variations (variations in capacity ratio and in the density of the mobile phase, etc.) play no direct role in the erosion of efficiency except through their effect on solute velocities. In other words, what eventually causes the erosion of efficiency is merely variation in the time required for solutes to traverse equally small segments of a column. Significant erosion can only arise from abrupt and deep deceleration of solutes in one or several relatively small segments of a column. If erosion of efficiency caused by pressure gradients in linear SFC is to be large, the depth and the sharpness of the deceleration of a solute must go beyond that hitherto confirmed experimentally. Many relevant examples are analyzed graphically.